Overall, the cumulative recurrence rate of HCV infection was 2.3% (average, 0.4%/year; 95% CI, 0.94%-5.47%). Four of five patients recurred with the same subgenotype (1b), and one recurred with a different genotype. Of the five patients with possible HCV recurrence posttreatment, we further characterized their clinical, virologic, and treatment features. We found that none of the patients received immunosuppressive therapy, none had risk behavior for reinfection of HCV, and one had seroclearance of HBsAg at the time point of HCV buy GSK126 recurrence. During the treatment course, one patient had transient reduction of peginterferon

dosage (adherence rate, 96%) and another two patients had reduction of ribavirin dosage (adherence rate, 99% and 72%, respectively). Older age at baseline and serum HBV DNA ≥200 IU/mL at end of treatment correlated significantly

with the development of HCV recurrence on univariate analysis (Table 3). In addition, we provided the profiles of HCV and HBV markers in these five patients (Fig. 2). In total, 38 of this followed cohort had a relapse of HCV activity (including 32 cases at 6 months posttreatment and six cases with delayed reappearance). Ten (26%) of the 38 patients received anti-HCV retreatment, and two patients obtained HCV SVR. Overall, 45 patients developed HBsAg seroclearance after the start of peginterferon-based therapy, which was sustained http://www.selleckchem.com/products/chir-99021-ct99021-hcl.html in 40 patients and was only transient in five patients. The cumulative rate medchemexpress of sustained HBsAg seroclearance during the 5-year after treatment follow-up duration was 30.0% (95% CI, 21.5%-42.0%), yielding an average

annual seroclearance rate of 5.0% when counting person-years from the start of the treatment. Anti-HBs developed in 15 (37.5%) of the 40 patients with sustained HBsAg seroclearance. A subgroup analysis revealed that for HCV genotype 1 coinfected patients who received 48-week treatment, the cumulative HBsAg seroclearance rate was 33.1% (95% CI, 21.8%-50.1%) (average annual rate, 5.5%) (Fig. 3). For HCV genotype 2/3 coinfected patients who received 24-week treatment, the cumulative rate of sustained HBsAg seroclearance was 24.3% (95% CI, 13.7%-42.9%) (average annual rate, 4.0%) (Fig. 3). However, the difference in HBsAg seroclearance rates did not reach statistical significance in two groups (P = 0.273). Among baseline variables, lower pretreatment serum HBV DNA and HBsAg level were correlated significantly with sustained HBsAg seroclearance during follow-up (P < 0.05) (Table 4). Analysis of end-of-treatment parameters also revealed that only low HBsAg level correlated with the seroclearance of HBsAg (Table 4). Before treatment, serum HBV DNA was ≥200 IU/mL in 62 (45.7%) of the 138 coinfected patients. At last visit, HBV virologic response was obtained in 33 (53.2%) patients. Baseline hepatitis B viral load did not correlate with HBsAg seroclearance.