24 No. pads during night hours None 1 2 3 > 4 Micturition status             25 As compared to preoperative micturition Better Same Worse Hard to answer   26 Patients’ satisfaction Satisfied Slightly unsatisfied Unsatisfied Hard to answer   Limitations of daily life             27 Limitations in working None Slightly limited Moderately limited Highly limited Hard to answer 28 Limitations in activities at home None Slightly limited Moderately limited Highly limited Hard to answer 29 Limitations in travelling None Slightly limited Moderately limited Highly

limited Hard to answer Pain status             30 Pain in relation with voiding No Rare Often     31 Pain in relation with storage No Rare Often   “
“Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common Napabucasin concentration diseases in older men and mostly induces lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Multiple studies have shown that BPH inducing LUTS are intensely correlated with erectile dysfunction (ED) and that severity of LUTS was selleck compound proportional to ED severity. Although a direct causal relationship has not been clarified, a tentative pathophysiology has been suggested

to interpret the relationship between two disorders. Androgen plays an important role in the maintenance of the functional and structural integrity of the lower urinary tract and penis. Low testosterone, especially free testosterone, worsened detrusor overactivity and replacement of testosterone improved

LUTS in the hypogonadal BPH patients. Nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide are decreased in the transition PAK6 zone of the hyperplastic prostate but phosphodiesterase types 4, 5, 11 are prominent in transition zone of hyperplastic prostate. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with a long half-life could obtain the desired effect; therefore, tadalafil and undenafil frequently have been used to evaluate the effects in the two disorders. In clinical trials, tadalafil showed improvement of BPH-induced LUTS, but few of the studies showed a significant improvement on uroflowmetry. PDE5 inhibitors increase the concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in plasma and smooth muscle, promoting erection of the penis, as well as relaxation of the bladder neck and prostate, leading to natural voiding. Sexual function and LUTS should be assessed and discussed with the patient when choosing the appropriate strategy and the patient’s response to treatment should also be evaluated at the same time. The most common cause for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).1 BPH associated with LUTS and erectile dysfunction (ED) are highly prevalent and bothersome problems in middle-aged and older men.