5% versus 0%, P = 0.001). Body weight did not change significantly in the icodextrin group, but body weight in the control group increased from 63.3 ± 14.5 kg at baseline to 64.2 ± 14.2 kg

at day 5 (P = 0.0002) and 65.2 ± 14.1 kg at day 10 (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: As compared with glucose-based peritoneal dialysis solution, use of icodextrin achieved better ultrafiltration and fluid control during acute peritonitis complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, although we found no evidence of a worthwhile clinical benefit on peritonitis resolution. (ClinicalTrial.gov number, NCT0104446 [ClinicalTrial.gov].) SUGIURA TOSHIHIRO1, AKAGAKI FUYUKO1, KUBOTA KEIICH1, NAKAMORI AYA1, WADA AKIRA2 1Otemae PI3K inhibitor cancer Hospital, Japan; 2Osaka National Hospital, Japan Introduction: Recent studies have shown that renal resistive index (RI) reflects systemic vascular stiffness as well as renal arteriolosclerosis. While this fact makes it difficult to interpret the increase in RI, we have shown that high RI is an independent risk factor for worsening renal function and can estimate renal prognosis in CKD [Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24: 2780–5, Clin Exp Nephrol 2011; 15: 114–20]. The purpose of the present study is to determine the relative risks with an increase in RI for progression of CKD. Methods: We

performed a 2-year follow-up study with an observational cohort of 429 CKD patients (GFR 45 ± 31 mL/min/1.73 m2, age 57 ± 17 years). The patients were examined by Doppler ultrasonography for RI [(peak-systolic velocity – end-diastolic selleck chemicals velocity) / peak-systolic velocity] to be calculated. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR; mL/min/1.73 m2) was estimated from serum creatinine (s-Cr) and age with the revised Japanese equation: 194 × s-Cr−1.094 × Age−0.287 (×0.739 for women).

Worsening renal function was defined as a decrease in GFR of at least 20 mL/min1.73 m2 or the need for long-term dialysis therapy until the end of the 2-year follow-up. Results: Among the 429 CKD patients, 107 patients presented with worsening renal function during the 2-year follow-up. When we divided the patients into P-type ATPase three groups by RI value of 0.70 and 0.80, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the event-free survival rates of worsening renal function at 24 months were 0.93, 0.70 and 0.35 in patients with RI ≤ 0.70, 0.7 < RI ≤ 0.80 and RI > 0.80 respectively (Log-rank test, P < 0.001, Fig. 1). Cox proportional-hazard analysis showed that the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for worsening renal function was 4.54 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31–8.96, P < 0.001] and 2.81 [95% CI 1.48–5.35, P < 0.01] in patients with RI > 0.80 and 0.7 < RI ≤ 0.80 respectively, as compared with the patients with RI ≤ 0.70. HR was adjusted by the factors that could influence RI itself and/or renal outcome, namely, age, GFR, urinary protein excretion, systolic blood pressure, and use of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors.