Methods. Multiple regression analyses were performed on data from 877 older adults aged 60 years and above from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States. Adverse childhood experiences were retrospectively recalled at Time 1 (1995-1996). Sleep complaints, relationship strain, and emotional distress were assessed at Time 2 (2004-2006).
Results. Early parental emotional abuse was significantly associated with more sleep complaints in old age. Unsupportive interactions with family, friends, significant others, and emotional distress partially explained the association.
Discussion.
Parental emotional abuse in childhood hindered the development of supportive
social relationships later in life, which was associated check details with more emotional distress, and exerted a negative influence on subjective sleep quality among older adults. Future research should examine other underlying mechanisms that explain the contribution of human attachment to sleep across the lifespan.”
“BACKGROUND: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) duty hour standards that began July 2011 will further limit resident duty hours.
OBJECTIVE: To survey neurosurgery residents in the United States on duty hour violations under the current system and the predicted effects on education and patient safety of the new regulations.
METHODS: Surveys were mailed to every neurosurgery training program in the United States and Puerto Rico. Program directors and coordinators were asked to distribute surveys to their Cyclosporin A residents.
RESULTS: Three hundred seventy-seven neurosurgery residents mailed
surveys back to the study center (34% response rate). More than one-third of respondents reported violating the 80-hour rule occasionally or frequently (36%). Thirty-one residents (8%) reported having been involved in a motor vehicle collision or life-threatening event and 20 (6%) reported having made a medical error resulting in patient harm after an extended shift. Eighty-three percent disagreed with the 16-hour proposed regulation for postgraduate year 1. The majority of respondents thought that Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase the new standards will have a negative or strongly negative effect on their residency training (72%).
CONCLUSION: This national duty hour survey of neurosurgical residents reveals considerable concern over the new ACGME proposed standards. The majority of respondents believe that the new standards will have a negative effect on their residency training. Furthermore, this survey indicates an overwhelming negative attitude toward mandated duty hour regulations among neurosurgical residents. Duty hour violations reported in this survey may be a more honest depiction of true violations than previous surveys and are higher than expected.