The tumor consisted of oval to round epithelioid cells with moderate nuclear pleomorphism. By immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for cellular adhesion molecule (CAM) 5.2, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), S-100 protein, and vimentin and focally positive for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and p63, while negative for alpha- smooth muscle actin (SMA). The tumor was diagnosed as a myoepithelial carcinoma of the vulva, with metastases to the bilateral inguinal SNX-5422 lymph nodes. Following completion of adjuvant radiotherapy, the patient remained alive without any evidence of recurrence at 56 months. A review of six cases of this
tumor (including the present case), demonstrated variable morphology with some overlapping features. Therefore, immunohistochemistry using a panel of epithelial and myogenic markers is essential for definitive diagnosis. Selleckchem AL3818 Two cases had inguinal lymph node metastases and received adjuvant radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy, which resulted in
good local control. One case had lung metastasis and was successfully treated by chemotherapy. Given the rarity of this disease and its uncertain prognosis, no clinical trials have been conducted regarding the necessity of adjuvant therapy. Myoepithelial carcinomas of the vulva are extremely rare making case series the most viable means of optimizing diagnosis and therapy.”
“Purpose of review
Defective wound healing is one of the most prominent clinical manifestations of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. As the global rates of diabetes increase, a detailed understanding of the molecular and cellular defects that give rise to unresolved inflammation and delayed wound healing in diabetes is urgently required. Emerging evidence indicates that timely resolution of inflammation is mediated in part by endogenous proresolving lipid mediators, such as resolvins. Here, we review recent
advances in the area of resolution and diabetes and highlight the potential of novel proresolving strategies for promoting wound healing in diabetes.
Recent GW786034 in vitro findings
Macrophage dysfunction is a critical underlying feature of altered wound healing in diabetic patients. This is associated with defective clearance of apoptotic cells, increased risk of infection, and altered angiogenesis. Diabetes and obesity are associated with chronic inflammation and altered biosynthesis of bioactive lipid mediators that promote the resolution of inflammation. Stimulating resolution with proresolving lipid mediators improves metabolic parameters in diabetes, blunts systemic inflammation, restores defective macrophage phagocytosis, and accelerates wound healing in animal models of obesity and diabetes.
Summary
Stimulating resolution with proresolving lipid mediators may represent a novel strategy for promoting wound healing in diabetes.