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FN, Suarez-Sanchez RA, Flores-Bustamante ZR, Gracida-Rodriguez JN, Flores-Cotera LB (2011) Diversity of endophytic fungi of Taxus globosa (Mexican yew). Fungal Divers 47:65–74CrossRef Seemann M, Zhai G, De Kraker JW, Paschall CM, Christianson DW, Cane DE (2002) Pentalenene synthase. Analysis of active site residues by site-directed mutagenesis. J Am Chem Soc 124(26):7681–7689PubMedCrossRef Sharma A, Straubinger RM (1994) Novel taxol formulations: preparation and characterization of taxol-containing liposomes. Pharm Res 11:889–896PubMedCrossRef Sim JH, Khoo CH, Lee LH, Cheah YK (2010) SHP099 Molecular diversity of fungal endophytes isolated from Garcinia Lepirudin mangostana and Garcinia

parvifolia. J Microbiol Biotechnol 20:651–658PubMedCrossRef Soca-Chafre G, Rivera-Orduna FN, Hidalgo-Lara ME, Hernandez-Rodriguez C, Marsch R, Flores-Cotera LB (2011) Molecular phlogeny and paclitaxel screening of fungal endophytes from Taxus globosa. Fungal Biol 115:143–156PubMedCrossRef Staniek A, Woerdenbag HJ, Kayser O (2009) Taxomyces andreanae: a presumed paclitaxel producer demystified? Plant Med 75:1–6CrossRef Stierle A, Strobel G, Stierle D (1993) Taxol and taxane production by Taxomyces andreanae, an endophytic fungus of pacific yew. Science 260:214–216PubMedCrossRef Stierle A, Stierle D, Strobel G (2000) Taxol production by a microbe. US patent 6013493(A) Strobel G, Stierle AA, Stierle DB (1994) Taxol production by Taxomyces andreanae. US patent 5322779 (A) Strobel GA, Yang XS, Sears J, Kramer R, Sidhu RS, Hess WM (1996) Taxol from Pestalotiopsis microspora, an endophytic fungus of Taxus wallichiana.

Oral Dis 2009, 15:162–169.PubMedCrossRef 23. Friess H, Zhu Z, Liard V, Shi X, Shrikhande SV, Wang L, Lieb K, Korc M, Palma C, Zimmermann A, Reubi JC, Büchler MW: Neurokinin-1 receptor expression and its potential effects on tumor growth in human pancreatic cancer. Lab Invest 2003, 83:731–742.PubMed 24. Payan DG, Brewster DR, Missirian-Bastian A-1210477 clinical trial A, Goetzl EJ: Substance P recognition by a subset of human T

lymphocytes. J Clin Invest 1984, 74:1532–1539.PubMedCrossRef 25. Luo W, Sharif TR, Sharif M: Substance P-induced mitogenesis in human astrocytoma cells correlates with activation of the mitogenactivated protein kinase signaling pathway. Cancer Res 1996, 56:4983–4991.PubMed 26. Irrissuto C, Maggi CA, Goso C: Role of NK-1 and NK-2 tachykinin receptor antagonism on the growth of human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231. Anticancer Drugs 2005, 16:1083–1089.PubMedCrossRef 27. Lang K, Drell TL, Lindecke A, Niggemann B, Kaltschmidt

C, Zaenker KS, Entschladen F: Induction of a metastatogenic tumor cell type by neurotransmitters and its pharmacological inhibition by established drugs. Int J Cancer 2004, 112:231–238.PubMedCrossRef 28. Muñoz M, Rosso M, Coveñas R: The NK-1 receptor is involved in the antitumoural action of L-733,060 and in the mitogenic action of substance P on human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Lett Drug Des Discov 2006, 3:323–329.CrossRef 29. Muñoz M, Rosso M, Coveñas R: NK-1 receptor antagonists as new anti-tumoural learn more agents: action on human neuroblastoma cell lines. In Focus on neuroblastoma research. Edited by: Fernandes JA. New York: Nova Science; 2007:31–56. 30. Muñoz M, Rosso M, Soult JA, Coveñas R: Antitumoural action of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists on human brain cancer cell lines. In Brain cancer: therapy and surgical intervention. Edited by: Yang AV. New York: Nova Science; 2006:45–75. 31. Rozengurt E: Neuropeptides as cellular growth factors: role of multiple signalling pathways. Eur J Clin Invest 1991, 21:123–134.PubMedCrossRef 32. Ishizuka J, Beauchamp RD, Townsend CM Jr, Greeley GH Jr, Thompson JC: Receptor-mediated autocrine growth-stimulatory

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Mice were housed in microisolator cages in a specific pathogen-free (SPF) condition with 12-hr light-dark cycles. Mice were subcutaneously implanted with 1 × 107 5637 cells. Once tumors reached approximately 60 μL in volume, the mice were allocated to receive either ASODN or MSODN treatment, with the concentration of 200 nmol/L and 0.2 ml/mice. The nude mice injected with ASODN were termed as treatment group and the nude mice injected with MSODN were termed as control group. Complexes of ASODN or MSODN plus 4 μL invivo-jetPEI™ (polyplus-transfection

Inc., U.S.A.) and also plus 160 μL 5% glucose were directly injected into the tumor once every other day with a total of 7 times. Tumor dimensions were measured once every three days and the tumor GSK2245840 volumes calculated using the formula: 1/2 × a × b2, where a and b respectively selleck inhibitor represented the larger and smaller tumor diameter. At the end of the treatment, mice were killed by overdose of ketamine (400 mg/kg) and xylazine (50 mg/kg) and necropsy was performed. Tumor tissue samples were prepared for Immunohistochemistry or TUNEL cell apoptosis detection. Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) was calculated using the formula TGI (%) = (1-MT/MC) Y27632 × 100, where MT and MC are the mean tumor masses in the treatment group and control group respectively. TUNEL analyses for cell apoptosis detection For detection of apoptosis, TUNEL analyses were performed using the in

situ cell death detection kit (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, USA). Operations were carried Ceramide glucosyltransferase out according to kit instructions. 10 high-powerfields were selected for each case. Count the

number of apoptotic cells and total number of cells for each powerfield to calculate the percentage of apoptotic cells (number of apoptotic cells in each powerfield/total cell number in each powerfield) i.e., apoptosis index (AI). . Statistical analysis The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the levels of difference between all groups. Comparisons for all pairs were made using Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Livin antisense oligonucleotide dose-dependently inhibit bladder cancer cell growth After transfected with different concentrations of Livin antisense oligonucleotides, cell growth of bladder cancer cell lines was determined by MTT and an obvious dose-dependently inhibitory effect was found (Fig 1). When the Livin antisense oligonucleotide concentration was 160 nmol/L, the cell growth inhibition rate reached 92.61 percent, although reagent concentration was continuously increasing, the inhibition rate will not increase significantly (P > 0.05). Accordingly, we chose 160 nmol/L oligonucleotide as the suitable concentration for further study. Figure 1 Inhibitory rate of 5637 cells transfected with Livin ASODN.

Methods Subjects Thirty-one healthy, young male volunteers (21.5 ± 1.8 yr) were investigated. All were active according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – IPAQ [11]. The study group excluded: smokers, individuals on medications that would influence cardiac autonomic

activity; alcoholics, individuals with cardiovascular, metabolic and/or known endocrine disorders; and those with sedentary or insufficiently or overly active lifestyles, according to IPAQ criteria. No volunteers were excluded during the course of the experiment. Every individual signed a consent letter and was informed of the procedures and objectives of the study. The study’s procedures were all approved by the Research Selleck MAPK inhibitor Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Science and Technology – FCT/UNESP (Number 168/2007). Experimental design Subjects reported to the laboratory three days per week, at an interval of 48 h between

visits. An incremental test was applied during the first visit, which was performed on a treadmill (Super ATL, Inbrasport, Brazil) according to the Bruce protocol [12]. To establish the baseline, volunteers learn more were allowed to rest in a standing position on the mat before the test began. Once the test started, verbal encouragement was used in an attempt to obtain a maximum physical effort; the test was interrupted by voluntary exhaustion. To determine oxygen consumption (VO2), expired gases were GDC-0994 order analyzed using a regularly calibrated metabolic analyzer (VO2000, Medical Graphics, St. Paul, MN, USA) 17-DMAG (Alvespimycin) HCl [13]. The VO2 peak was taken to be the highest VO2 achieved in the test. The HR reached at 60% of this value was used to determine the exercise intensity for the protocols, considering that gastric emptying is considerably disturbed at intensities above 70% of VO2 peak [14]. In subsequent visits, called

control (CP) and experimental (EP) protocols, volunteers were allowed to rest in the supine position for 10 min, followed by 90 min of exercise (60% of VO2 peak) and 60 min of recovery. Volunteers were not given any fluids to drink during CP; however, they were given an isotonic solution (Gatorade, Brazil), containing carbohydrates (30 g), sodium (225 mg), chloride (210 mg) and potassium (60 mg) per 500 ml of the drink, to consume during EP. The isotonic solution was administered in 10 equal portions at regular intervals of 15 min from the fifteenth minute of exercise until the end of the recovery. The amount of isotonic solution administered during EP was based on the difference in body weight between before and after CP. This technique indicates that 1 g reduction in body weight is equal to 1 ml of fluid reduction [15].

This large decrease in valley splitting due to implicit doping can be explained by the smearing of the doping layer in the direction normal to the δ-layer, thereby decreasing the quantum confinement effect responsible for breaking the degeneracy in the system. Carter

et al. [32] also shows that the arrangement of the phosphorus atoms in the δ-layer strongly influences the valley splitting value. In particular, they showed that there is a difference of www.selleckchem.com/products/mk-5108-vx-689.html up to 220 meV between P doping along the [110] direction and along the [100] direction. It should be noted, however, that deterministic nearest-neighbour donor placements are not yet physically realisable due to the P incorporation mechanism Sotrastaurin nmr currently employed [27, 53]. Similarly, the perfectly ordered arrangement discussed here is highly improbable, given the experimental limitations, but represents the ideal case from which effects such as disorder can be studied. Table 2 Valley splitting

values of 1/4 ML P-doped silicon obtained using different techniques Technique Number of Valley   layers splitting     (meV) Planar Wannier orbitala[30] 1,000 20 Tight binding (4 K)b[34] ∼150 ∼17 Tight binding (4 K)b[37] 120 25 Tight binding (300 K)b[36] ∼150 ∼17   40 7   80 6 DFT, SZP basis set a[32] 120 6   160 6   200 6 DFT, SZP: ordered b[31] 40 120 DFT, SZP: random disorder b[31] 40 ∼70 DFT, SZP: [110] direction alignment b[32] 40 ∼270 DFT, SZP: dimers b[32] 40 ∼85 DFT, SZP: random disorder b[32] 40 ∼80 DFT, SZP: clusters b[32] 40 ∼65 DFT, SZP: [100] direction alignment (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate b[32] 40 ∼50 DFT, SZP: ordered, M=4b,c[32] 80 153 DFT, SZP: ordered, M=6b,c[32]

80 147 DFT, SZP: ordered, M=10b,c[32] 80 147   40 145.1   60 144.7 SZP, M=9 (this work)b,c 80 144.8   120 144.7   160 144.7   200 144.7   16 118.6   32 94.1 PW, M=9 (this work)b,d 40 93.5   60 93.3   80 93.2   40 100   60 99.5 DZP, M=9 (this work)b,c 80 99.5   120 99.3   160 99.6 Techniques are grouped by similarity. aImplicit doping; bExplicit doping; c M × M × 1k-points; d M × M × N k-points; N as in Appendix 1. Our results show that valley splitting is highly sensitive to the choice of basis set. Due to the nature of PW basis set, it is straightforward to R428 clinical trial improve its completeness by increasing the plane-wave cut-off energy. In this way, we establish the most accurate valley splitting value within the context of density functional theory. Using this benchmark value, we can then establish the validity and accuracy of other basis sets, which can be used to extend the system sizes to that beyond what is practical using a PW basis set. As seen in Table 2, the valley splitting value converges to 93 meV using 80-layer cladding. The DZP localised basis set gives an excellent agreement at 99.5 meV using 80-layer cladding (representing a 7% difference). On the other hand, our SZP localised basis set gave a value of 145 meV using the same amount of cladding.

The uptake of radiolabeled gomesin by each organ was calculated using the following equation: DI% = (CPM organ/standard CPM) × 100), where%DI = percentage of the injected dose and CPM = count per min [35]. Statistical analysis ANOVA, with the post-Tukey test, was used to evaluate the statistical significance of results obtained in all experiments except the blood and survival analysis, where the Students t-test and Log-rank test were used, respectively. The differences between the results obtained with treatment compared to the controls were considered statistically significant when

the p value was less than 0.05. Acknowledgements We are grateful to Susana P. Lima for technical assistance and Cassiano Pereira for figure preparation. This work was supported by Brazilian grants: Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) and the Conselho Baf-A1 order Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). VX-680 References 1. Bulet P, Stocklin R, Menin L: SBE-��-CD chemical structure Anti-microbial peptides: from invertebrates to vertebrates. Immunol Rev 2004, 198:169–184.PubMedCrossRef 2. Brogden KA: Antimicrobial peptides: pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria? Nat Rev Microbiol 2005,3(3):238–250.PubMedCrossRef 3. Mookherjee N, Hancock RE: Cationic host defence peptides: innate immune regulatory peptides as a novel approach for treating infections. Cell Mol Life Sci 2007,64(7–8):922–933.PubMedCrossRef

4. Silva PI Jr, Daffre S, Bulet P: Isolation and characterization of gomesin, an 18-residue cysteine-rich defense peptide from the spider Acanthoscurria

gomesiana hemocytes with sequence similarities to horseshoe crab antimicrobial peptides of the tachyplesin family. J Biol Chem 2000,275(43):33464–33470.PubMedCrossRef 5. Mandard N, Bulet P, Caille A, Daffre S, Vovelle F: The solution structure of gomesin, an antimicrobial cysteine-rich peptide from the spider. Eur J Biochem 2002,269(4):1190–1198.PubMedCrossRef medroxyprogesterone 6. Fazio MA, Oliveira VX Jr, Bulet P, Miranda MT, Daffre S, Miranda A: Structure-activity relationship studies of gomesin: importance of the disulfide bridges for conformation, bioactivities, and serum stability. Biopolymers 2006,84(2):205–218.PubMedCrossRef 7. Barbosa FM, Daffre S, Maldonado RA, Miranda A, Nimrichter L, Rodrigues ML: Gomesin, a peptide produced by the spider Acanthoscurria gomesiana , is a potent anticryptococcal agent that acts in synergism with fluconazole. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2007,274(2):279–286.PubMedCrossRef 8. Miranda A, Miranda MTM, Jouvensal L, Vovelle F, Bulet P, Daffre S: Animal toxins. In Gomesin: a Powerful Antimicrobial Peptide Isolated from the Brazilian Tarantula Spider Acanthoscurria gomesiana Edited by: KERALA. 2008. 9. Rodrigues EG, Dobroff AS, Cavarsan CF, Paschoalin T, Nimrichter L, Mortara RA, Santos EL, Fazio MA, Miranda A, Daffre S, et al.: Effective topical treatment of subcutaneous murine B16F10-Nex2 melanoma by the antimicrobial peptide gomesin. Neoplasia 2008,10(1):61–68.PubMedCrossRef 10.

4 35.2 27.4 35.2 33.9 40.3 Population distribution  Age   15–29 13.4 22.0 26.2 22.0 27.4 0   30–39 28.5 33.0 24.9 33.0 41.2 0   40–49 27.2 25.1 26.8 25.1 31.4 0   50–64 30.8 20.0 22.1 20.0 0 100  Household composition   Married/co-habiting without children 32.3

32.7 27.9 32.7 29.0 47.6   Married/co-habiting with children 48.5 41.3 43.4 41.3 44.9 27.0   Single parent household 1.4 4.8 5.7 4.8 4.6 5.7   Single 15.3 18.0 13.2 18.0 17.9 18.7   Other 2.6 #Pevonedistat molecular weight randurls[1|1|,|CHEM1|]# 3.2 9.8 3.2 3.7 1.0  Self-rated health   Excellent 17.4 13.1 12.0 13.1 13.5 11.7   Very good 25.2 24.5 20.8 24.5 25.6 20.1   Good 50.1 53.8 56.4 53.8 53.5 55.0   Fair/bad 7.3 8.6 10.9 8.6 7.5 13.1  Occupation   Craft, industrial, transport and agriculture workers 5.2 1.1 7.8 1.1 1.1 1.1   Administrative workers/clerks 6.5 11.8 25.7 11.8 12.1 10.5   Commercial and sales workers 9.0 7.3 17.1 7.3 8.6 2.0   Service workers 5.3 5.8 13.1 5.8 6.1 4.5   Healthcare workers 7.7 24.5 26.5 24.5 24.3 25.1   Teachers 11.1 20.2 1.7 20.2 16.3 36.2   Professionals 27.6 9.9 1.0 9.9 10.8 6.2   Managers 18.3 7.1 1.9 7.1 7.1 7.4   Other Selleckchem TGFbeta inhibitor workers 9.2 12.3 5.1 12.3 13.7 7.0  Contractual working time

(hours/week)   0–8 1.6 3.2 8.8 3.2 3.2 3.4   9–16 1.6 7.0 19.0 7.0 6.3 9.9   17–24 3.0 24.6 27.9 24.6 24.0 27.2   25–32 10.1 28.0 21.3 28.0 27.9 28.7   33+ 83.6 37.1 23.0 37.1 38.6 30.8  Working overtime   Yes, on a structural basis 43.0 31.3 17.6 Staurosporine solubility dmso 31.3 30.1 36.2   Yes, incidentally 41.5 48.1 46.2 48.1 49.2 43.7   No, never 15.5 20.6 36.2 20.6 20.7 20.1  Terms of employment   Fixed term 11.8 16.2 18.8 16.2 18.7 6.5   Permanent 88.2 83.8 81.2 83.8 81.3 93.5  Size of organization (number of employees)   1–9 8.1 10.3 20.4 10.3 10.6 9.3   10–99 32.6 40.7 42.5 40.7 39.7 44.8   100+ 59.3 49.0 37.1 49.0 49.8 45.8  Satisfaction with working conditions   (very) Dissatisfied

9.3 9.6 10.0 9.6 9.5 10.2   Not dissatisfied/not satisfied 15.4 17.3 19.1 17.3 16.4 20.5   Satisfied 59.2 61.0 58.6 61.0 61.8 57.8   Very satisfied 16.1 12.1 12.3 12.1 12.3 11.4  Job autonomy (range: 1 = low to 3 = high)   <2.5 26.0 38.5 52.9 38.5 37.2 43.3   2.5+ 74.0 61.5 47.1 61.5 62.8 56.7  Time pressure (range: 1 = never to 4 = always)   <2.5 57.5 59.6 72.3 59.6 60.5 56.2   2.5+ 42.5 40.4 27.7 40.4 39.5 43.8  Emotional demands (range: 1 = never to 4 = always)   <2.5 88.4 85.1 93.2 85.1 85.6 83.2   2.5+ 11.6 14.9 6.8 14.9 14.4 16.8  External workplace violence and harassment   No, never 79.5 65.7 68.5 65.7 65.9 64.8   Yes, at least occasionally 20.5 34.3 31.5 34.3 34.1 35.2  Internal workplace violence and harassment   No, never 84.7 83.

Arch Oral Biol 54:420–423PubMedCrossRef 32. Brookes SJ, Shore RC, Robinson C, Wood SR, Kirham J (2003) Copper ions inhibit the demineralization of human

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Among the Rhizobiaceae, the best studied species regarding osmoadaptation is Sinorhizobium meliloti one of the most common alfalfa microsymbionts. Specific concomitant accumulation of potassium and glutamate was found to be the primary response in CHIR98014 chemical structure S. meliloti to hyperosmotic stress [9]. Out of four potassium uptake AZD2281 clinical trial systems found within the S. meliloti genome, Trk was shown to be the most important K+ importer involved in the osmoadaptation of this bacterium [10]. By using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (a particularly useful

technique for osmoadaptation studies because all types of organic compounds can be detected at once), it was shown Adriamycin nmr that S. meliloti long term response to hyperosmotic stress involves the synthesis and

accumulation of the dipeptide N-acetylglutaminylglutamine amide and the disaccharide trehalose, the latter one specially when cells are subjected to severe osmotic stress [3, 11]. Trehalose is a non-reducing glucose disaccharide that is widespread in nature. It protects numerous biological structures against abiotic stresses including desiccation, oxidation, heat, cold, dehydration, and hyperosmotic conditions [6]. Recently, the importance of trehalose in osmotolerance and nodulation of their legume hosts by S. meliloti [12] and Bradyrhizobium japonicum [13] has been firmly established. Trehalose

has shown to play also a major role in desiccation tolerance of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii [14]. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is an important staple crop in the diets of people of Latin America, Asia, Africa, and other regions of the developing world. Paradoxically, despite common bean is a promiscuous legume able to form symbioses with a number of rhizobial species including R. tropici, R. etli, R. gallicum, R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli or R. giardinii [15–17], it is considered as a poor nitrogen fixer, if compared to other grain legumes [18, 19]. This problem has been attributed to the ineffectiveness of indigenous rhizobia [20] or to adverse abiotic Abiraterone molecular weight conditions [21]. In a recent work, Suarez et al. [22] reported an increase in root nodule number and nitrogen fixation by P. vulgaris cv. Negro Jamapa (a Mesoamerican cultivar) inoculated with a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase-overexpressing strain of R. etli. Thus, manipulating trehalose metabolism in P. vulgaris looks a promising strategy to improve plant tolerance to osmotic stress and grain yield. Compared to this body of knowledge on the osmoadaptation of these agronomically important rhizobacteria, little is known about the osmostress responses of rhizobial strains nodulating common bean in Africa. The purpose of the work described here was threefold.

According to the review paper, an SRO with an orthorhombic unit cell volume of 240.9 Å3 ((=3.9052 × 3.950 × 4) should have RRR ~ 20. However, in our case, RRRs were 3 and 9 for the SRO100 film and the SRO111 film, respectively. A single-crystalline SRO thin film on STO (110) substrate having an orthorhombic unit cell volume of 240.9 Å3 was reported to have RRR ~ 8 [26]. So, a simple explanation in terms of structural factor such as volume expansion is not enough to explain the different RRR values even though we accept that PLD-grown SRO films have more tendency to have larger lattice volumes and have lower RRR values. Siemons et A-1210477 clinical trial al. estimated

that the Ru vacancy concentration causing drastic change of RRR is much smaller than a few percent for the range of samples they studied, from the fact that the decrease of the Curie temperature is as small as approximately 10 K [27]. Thus, the effect of a very small amount of Ru vacancy in SRO thin films seems to be critical for RRR but should be much smaller than the effect of strain on the ferromagnetic selleck inhibitor properties [27]. This is consistent with the observation of robust low-spin configuration for nearly all thin films of SrRuO3. Figure 4b shows the temperature dependence of the magnetization at 500 Oe after high field cooling at 7 T. [The same specimen was used for these measurements by only changing the field direction with respect to the crystallographic axis - one along the HDAC assay in-plane direction, H //and the other

along the surface normal direction, H ⟂.] For the SRO111 film, the magnitude of magnetization along the surface normal direction

was larger than that along the in-plane direction. This was similar to the observations for the SRO100 film and was interpreted PD184352 (CI-1040) in terms of compressive strain [5, 6]. To estimate the changes in the ferromagnetic transition temperature, we plotted magnetization of the SRO100 film and the SRO film grown on STO (110) substrate on the same plot [7]. From Fig. 4(b), it can be seen that the ferromagnetic transition temperature of the SRO111 film is about 10 K higher than those of the SRO100 film and SRO film grown on STO (110) substrate. These increased ferromagnetic transition temperatures of films grown on a cubic (111) substrate were also reported for manganese oxide [28–30]. Figure 4c shows magnetic hysteresis curves at 5 K for applied fields along two directions. Here, we found that magnetization along the surface normal direction increased more rapidly than that along the in-plane direction. For fields along the surface normal direction, the coercive field was very well defined for both films. The coercive field for the SRO111 film was approximately 0.7 T, which was slightly larger than the value of approximately 0.5 T for the SRO100 film. Finally, we found that the saturated magnetic moments with a 6-T applied field were smaller than 2 μB/Ru. This was in contrast to the observed approximately 3.5 μB/Ru in the SRO film grown on STO (111) substrate [22].