Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindro-clavate, with short furcate pedicels. Ascospores 2-3-seriate, narrowly fusoid, somewhat curved, reddish brown, multi-septate, slightly constricted at the primary septum. Anamorphs reported for genus: none. Literature: Leuchtmann 1984; Zhang et al. 2009a, b. Type species Trichostatin A Neomassariosphaeria

typhicola (P. Karst.) Yin. Zhang, J. Fourn. & K.D. Hyde, Stud. Mycol. 64: 96 (2009a). (Fig. 65) Fig. 65 Neomassariosphaeria typhicola (from IFRD 2018). a Immersed ascomata gregarious in the host substrate. b–d Cylindro-clavate asci embedded in pseudoparaphyses. Note the phragmosporous ascospores. Scale bars: a, b = 200 μm, c, d = 20 μm ≡ Leptosphaeria typhicola P. Karst., Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 23: 100 (1873). Ascomata 150–280 μm high × 200–400 μm diam., scattered or in small groups, immersed, lenticular, with a slightly protruding elongated papilla, ostiolate, stain the substrate purple (Fig. 65a). Peridium 15–30 μm thick. Hamathecium of dense, long cellular pseudoparaphyses, 1.5–2.5 μm

thick, septate. Asci 110–160 × 13–15 μm, 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindro-clavate, with short furcate pedicels (Fig. 65b, c and d). Ascospores 30–48 × 7–11 μm, 2-3-seriate, narrowly fusoid, somewhat curved, reddish learn more brown, 7-septate, slightly constricted at the primary septum, verruculose (Fig. 65c and d). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: DENMARK, Sjaeland, Frederikskilde, Suserup Skove, Tystrup Lake, 25 May 2007, on submerged culm of Phragmites, leg. & det. Jacques Fournier (IFRD 2018). Notes Morphology Neomassariosphaeria is most comparable with Murispora, and is distinguished from Murispora by its phragmosporous ascospores. Both genera were assigned to Amniculicolaceae (Zhang

et al. 2009a). Phylogenetic study Both Neomassariosphaeria grandispora and N. typhicola clustered with species of Murispora and Amniculicola in Amniculicolaceae (Zhang et al. 2009a,c). Concluding remarks Similar with those purple-staining species of Pleospora assigned to Murispora, the purple-staining species of Phaeosphaeria mentioned by Crivelli (1983) and Leuchtmann (1984) might be assigned to Neomassariosphaeria. aminophylline Neophaeosphaeria M.P.S. Câmara, M.E. Palm & A.W. Ramaley, Mycol. Res. 107: 519 (2003). (Leptosphaeriaceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, parasitic or saprobic. Ascomata small, forming in leaf spots, scattered or clustered, immersed, depressed globose, under clypeus, coriaceous. Peridium thin. Hamathecium of dense, cellular pseudoparaphyses, septate, embedded in mucilage. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, Screening Library solubility dmso fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, broadly cylindrical to oblong, with a short furcate pedicel. Ascospores obliquely uniseriate and partially overlapping, oblong, pale brown, 1-3-septate. Anamorphs reported for genus: Coniothyrium-like (Câmara et al. 2003). Literature: Câmara et al. 2001, 2003; Checa et al. 2002; Ellis and Everhart 1892.