(c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.”
“Polycyclic musks have been indicated to cause
lethal and sublethal effects on exposed biota. However, knowledge about the effect of polycyclic musks on the antioxidant defense system in earthworms is vague. In this work, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) exposed to 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-?-2-benzopyran (HHCB) were systematically SB203580 in vitro investigated. The investigation shows that their activities are closely related to the exposed dose and time of HHCB. For SOD and CAT, the activities increased monotonically with increased exposed Liproxstatin1 dose of HHCB, which indicates a dose-dependent change pattern. POD exhibited its peak activity in 0.0157 mu g cm-2 HHCB treatment and decreased at higher concentrations. These two changing patterns were complementary, which reveals the cooperation of enzymes in response to oxidative stress. MDA content in earthworms was basically unaffected with a 1-day exposure and significantly increased after 2-day and 3-day exposures, correlating with changes in the activities of SOD and CAT when the concentration of HHCB was high. It was also found that the sensitivity of Eisenia fetida to HHCB increased over time. These results
Alvocidib in vivo may support the theoretical hypothesis that oxidative stress is an important component for the response of earthworms to the toxicity of HHCB in environment. Among the studied enzymes, SOD and CAT appeared to be the most responsive biomarkers of oxidative stress caused by HHCB. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.”
“Numerous studies have shown that rutin has anticancer effects. We have previously reported that rutin induced cell cycle
arrest and apoptosis in murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro and in vivo. However, there are no data showing that rutin inhibits human leukemia HL-60 cells in vivo in a murine xenograft animal model. Human leukemia HL-60 cells were implanted into mice and treated with vehicle (1% DMSO), rutin (120 mg/kg of body weight) or vinblastine (120 mu g/kg of body weight). Compounds and agents were injected once every four days intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 36 days. Treatment with 120 mg/kg of rutin or with 120 mu g/kg of vinblastine resulted in a reduction of tumor weight and volume when compared with the control groups. Tumor size in xenograft mice treated with 120 mg/kg of rutin was significantly smaller than that in the untreated-control group. These novel findings indicate that rutin inhibits tumor growth in a xenograft animal model. Rutin may be useful in treating leukemia but certainly much more research is needed. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.