Oncologic outcomes, complications (Clavien-Dindo classification system) and renal function were evaluated.

Results: Median maximal diameter of the treated renal tumors was 2.5 cm (range 1.2 to 5.4). All cryoablation procedures were considered technically successful. Of the 54 biopsy proven or suspected renal cell carcinomas with 3 or more months of computerized tomography/magnetic resonance imaging followup after cryoablation (median 19, range 3 to 61), 5 cases (9.3%) had local tumor recurrence. Major (grade 3 or greater) complications developed after 3 (5.7%) cryoablation procedures

and there were no perioperative deaths. Median change in patient estimated glomerular filtration rate after renal

cryoablation was -1.5 ml per minute. No patients required dialysis in the perioperative period, while 2 with stage 4 chronic kidney disease at the time of ablation became dialysis click here dependent at 5 and 23 months after treatment, respectively.

Conclusions: Percutaneous renal cryoablation after ipsilateral partial nephrectomy is technically feasible, has a low rate of major complications, provides relative preservation of renal function and demonstrates acceptable short-term oncologic outcomes in this challenging population.”
“To address gaps in the literature related to the contribution of childhood trauma on aggression, we evaluated salivary cortisol and heart rate changes to psychological selleck screening library challenge in aggressive children with various degrees of trauma. We hypothesized that traumatized and aggressive youths will exhibit higher responsiveness to find more an active challenge (Violent film-VF) than aggressive youth with no trauma but will not differ when viewing a Non-Violent film (NVF). A total of 25 children (aged 9-12; M = 15, F= 9) with history of aggression were assessed for trauma exposure. Children viewed the two films in randomized order. Four salivary cortisol and pulse measurements were obtained before (T1), 15 min after the start (T2), at the end (T3), and

15 min following the end of the movie (T4). Repeated measures Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) using Film (VF/NVF), Cortisol/Time at T1-T4, Group (Trauma/Non-Trauma), and Film Order were performed with age and gender as covariates. There were significant main effects for Group and Cortisol/Time for the Trauma group showing greater cortisol responsiveness than the Non-Trauma group that was most pronounced during the NVF. These results suggest that aggressive youth with personal history of trauma may exhibit unique biological characteristics, which may have important implications for classification and treatment. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.”
“Purpose: We investigated the relationship between preoperative uric acid and the glomerular filtration rate preoperatively and postoperatively in patients with renal cell carcinoma.