Through INSDC also a large number of specific archives

can be accessed, such as dbSNP for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP’s) and short tandem repeats (STR’s), dbEST for expressed sequence tags (EST), or SRA for raw sequence reads. All INSDC databases are furthermore coupled to NCBI’s Taxonomy database. An elaborate service set of BLAST and alignment functions is coupled to these libraries allowing for initial data inspection, exploration, and some basic analytical functions. Efforts towards improved coordination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor 2 biodiversity observations, data and research tools are already underway, with strong efforts to integrate genetic data in conservation and ecosystem research (Heip and McDonough, 2012). As an example, the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) program LifeWatch (http://www.lifewatch.eu) and its pilot implementation

program BioVeL (http://www.biovel.eu) are currently interconnecting primary data repositories to create e-Services as well as virtual laboratories on top of these (Hardisty and Roberts, in press). Here, bioinformatics tools are currently developed to analyze complex marine data sets (including ecological, taxonomic, climatic, and genetic data) Selleckchem GDC 0068 across large geographic distances and time scales. Examples are DNA identification tools to identify fish stomach contents and larval stages, and these methods can be customized to match current or future indicators for marine health assessment. Workflows—powerful Fossariinae analytical pipelines which access distributed computing resources—are being constructed through the BioVeL project to address the needs of the biodiversity research community. Micro B3 and BioVel have agreed to join forces to develop metagenome workflows of OSD. Additional workflows are being designed to process metagenetic data from environmental samples (e.g. DNA metabarcoding), to enable identification of species from a metagenetic sample by matching them to databases and reference libraries, and to provide measures of phylogenetic

or alpha and beta diversity between samples. These analysis pipelines are complementary to tools that translate genomic data into indicator metrics that can be used for decision making, which are being developed through the DEVOTES project. The entry point for new methods into regular monitoring programs is at the national level and therefore the envisaged methods have to meet the requirements of the national and regional programs. In order to be effective, all of the important partners in this innovation process have to be identified beforehand. The scientific network representing genomics methods and standards is the Genomic Standards Consortium (http://gensc.org/). The network of end users may be represented by some European regional sea convention programs, such as HELCOM (http://www.helcom.fi/) and OSPAR (http://www.ospar.